Composition

Composition is the way things are placed in relation to the others in the whole photograph.

Such as:

-         Point Of View

-         Rule of thirds Or Golden section

-         Lines

-         Shapes

-         Texture

-         Rhythm

-         Symmetry

-         Framing

Art History

Camera Obscura

Camera Obscura, together means 'darkened chamber/room'. It is an optical device that projects images on a screen. It is mostly used for drawing and basic entertainment, then moved on to photography. The object is a box with a hole in the side, using light from an external scene then passes through the hole and strikes the surface inside which it is then reproduced, upside down, and then has colour. The image can be projected onto paper and can also be used to trace images to get an accurate representation. 
Rule Of Thirds

The rule of thirds is a guideline which applies in photography to composing visual images, it can also be applied in films, paintings and also in many designs. The guideline shows that the image is divided into nine equal parts. By using these points in your photographs it creates more interest in the composition of the photograph instead of just centering the subject in the middle.